It seems like only yesterday we were sharing tips and suggestions for preventing an AC emergency. (Spoiler alert: spring AC tune-ups are also a great way to keep your system in peak cooling form). We know you’re enjoying a break from the heat but before you know it, it’s going to be time to break into the heating season.

It’s just as important to take care of your heating system as it is to take care of your AC. If it’s not already on your fall to-do list, now’s the time to perform — or schedule! — a routine residential HVAC maintenance service for your furnace or heat pump.

Need a nudge in the right direction? Here are 8 reasons why seasonal HVAC system tune-ups are a smart move.

#1 — Avoid costly emergency calls.

October is the perfect time to make sure your heating system is in tip-top shape before the first frost knocks on your door. Licensed and insured heating and cooling contractors not only clean your system, but they’ll also make sure it’s in good working order. Preventive care can help you avoid costly emergency calls in the heart of winter.

If you’re a DIY type, and you plan on performing your own mini check-up, check out our HVAC checklist before you get started!

It’s worth noting that a professional tune-up typically includes all the above, plus an examination of electrical connections and wiring, thermostat calibration, part lubrication, safety inspection, burner assembly (for combustion systems) inspection, defrost cycle and reversing valve (for electric heat pumps) inspection, and system airflow and efficiency measurements.

Not sure who to call for your tune-up? Check out our Quality Contractor Network to search for TVA-vetted HVAC pros in your area.

#2 — Improve energy efficiency.

Heating systems that aren’t properly maintained can be less efficient and may be driving up your energy bills. During a routine residential HVAC maintenance call, technicians inspect, clean and optimize your system to make sure it’s running as efficiently as possible. It’s better for the environment and it’s better for your wallet.

#3 — Enhance indoor air quality.

Typically, fall maintenance includes checking and changing air filters. Clean air filters help your system run more efficiently and they can help keep dust, allergens and other particles from circulating around your home, leading to a healthier indoor environment.

Changing the air filter inside your home frequently is an easy way to help your system and improve indoor air quality. Plus, it’s easy to do it yourself! If you’re not sure how to do it, ask your contractor, they’ll be happy to show you what you need to do. For more tips on improving your indoor air quality, check out this article. Or, you can take a quick peek at our DIY videos for a quick how-to.

#4 — Extend the lifespan of your heating system.

Regular maintenance is a great opportunity to identify small concerns before they become major emergency problems. Tune-ups can minimize the likelihood of costly emergency service calls and help ensure that your system keeps you warm when you need it. When your system is running efficiently and smoothly, it’ll last longer, too.

#5 — Ensure safety.

Heating systems, especially older models, can pose health and safety risks. Fall residential HVAC maintenance is a great opportunity for your heating and cooling experts to look for leaks or check electrical connections, inspect heat exchangers and make sure that all safety mechanisms are working properly.

#6 — Take advantage of our rebates.

If you have an electric heat pump, you may be eligible for a $50 rebate from TVA EnergyRight and your local power company.

#7 — Peace of mind.

If your heating and cooling equipment is more than 10 years old, and your utility bills are going up, a professional inspection is the way to go. Get advice you can trust from a member of the Quality Contractor Network. If it is time to consider a new system, be sure to ask your contractor about our HVAC rebates! For more information on whether or not it’s time to replace your home’s HVAC system, check out this guide from ENERGY STAR.

#8 — Save money.

Heating system tune-ups are the perfect example of spending money to save more money. Avoiding emergency service calls, improving energy efficiency and prolonging the functional lifespan of your heating system are all great ways to save money. When you add a $50 rebate into the mix, the savings are even sweeter. Plus, the peace of mind is priceless.

Looking for more free and easy fixes to keep your home warmer for less? This blog has you covered.

Terms and conditions apply. All TVA EnergyRight rebate-eligible upgrades must be installed by an approved member of the Quality Contractor Network and meet TVA Standards effective on installation date. All measures, except window replacement, are eligible for program financing. Mini split 17 SEER2 or higher must replace the existing primary electric heat source or be installed in a newly finished area of the home (e.g., bonus room, addition, sunroom). Duct sealing, repair, insulation or replacement must be for existing or replacement HVAC systems. Window replacement must replace existing unit(s). Attic insulation upgrades eligible for the $500 rebate must be completed and the rebate submitted by your QCN member by September 30, 2025.

A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity for change.

The rapidly growing electric transportation industry is providing us with an extraordinary opportunity to change how we think about transportation, energy costs, decarbonization and the resiliency of our electric grid.

It’s well documented that electric vehicles produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions, have a lower overall carbon footprint and produce fewer local pollutants than gasoline-powered vehicles. EVs are easier to budget for, too, because electricity rates across the country are lower and more consistent than gas prices. And with fewer moving parts and fluids, routine maintenance costs are significantly lower for EV drivers.

Big-picture data shows that more and more Americans are buying EVs. The Energy Information Administration found that U.S. sales of hybrids, plug-in hybrids and battery-only electric vehicles (BEVs) reached their highest share of total light-duty vehicle (LDV) sales during the third and fourth quarters of 2023 at 17.9%. EV sales in the U.S. increased by 60% from 1 million in 2022 to 1.6 million in 2023.

Not only that, but we’re no longer living in a chocolate-and-vanilla EV world. Today’s drivers have more shapes, sizes and flavors of EVs to choose from than ever before. Automotive manufacturers added 20 new BEV models last year, bringing the BEV total to 70. It’s worth noting that half of the new BEV models were crossover vehicles, a hugely popular market segment that has more than doubled its share of total LDV sales since 2014.

How EVs help reduce electricity costs.

With zero tailpipe emissions, lower fueling costs and lower overall cost of ownership, electric vehicles enable drivers to save money while helping preserve the environment. While this is impressive, EVs can also drive electricity costs down and improve grid resiliency. And when we say “drive electricity costs down,” we’re talking about driving costs down for everyone — not just those who refuel with electricity rather than gasoline.

Every time a new EV owner plugs in and pays for electricity, local power companies may benefit from a new source of revenue. As the number of EVs on the road — and across the Valley region — increases, so does the power company’s net revenue. This new income is reinvested in the community; it not only helps keep electricity rates low and stable, but it can also be used to pay for infrastructure upgrades that improve reliability, support local job growth and fund programs for families with limited means or fixed-income customers.

EVs apply a noticeable downward pressure on rates across the board, and a recent study from Synapse Energy Economics confirms this, finding that EVs increased utility revenues more than they increased costs.

Adjusting for utility expenditures related to EV programs, the study’s authors estimate that between 2011 and 2021, EV drivers across the country contributed $2.44 billion more in revenues than associated costs. This translates to lower electricity rates for everyone, and these findings hold true across the entire country.

Easy ways to maximize downward pressure on electricity rates.

There are several easy ways EV drivers and utility providers can maximize downward pressure on electricity rates and help lower energy costs.

#1: Charge overnight when electricity demand is low.

The best time to charge an EV is when the demand for electricity is low. In the seven-state Valley region, charging overnight is generally the best time. There is one exception to that rule, though! During winter cold snaps, avoid charging during the very coldest hours of the day.

This simple behavioral change reduces the need for TVA to generate electricity from high-cost or carbon-intensive sources — or purchase expensive power generated outside of the region. Overnight charging is an easy way for EV drivers to do their part in lowering electricity costs for everyone.

#2: Scheduled charging with networked-connected, smart EV chargers.

Most drivers don’t care when their car charges as long as it’s ready to go when they are. Networked EV chargers enable owners to schedule their EV to charge overnight, at varied times, to spread the charging load around.

Networked chargers are especially handy in areas where power companies offer discounted time-of-use or off-peak rates. If your charger doesn’t have this capability, your car probably does! Whether or not off-peak rates apply, however, networked chargers can be programmed to charge at different times throughout the night, helping keep the grid stable and balanced while maximizing any available rate discounts.

Although off-peak, time-of-day rates are far from standardized across the country, they have the potential to benefit EV owners, their neighbors, entire communities and local power companies. When people charge EVs at times when they’re not adding huge marginal costs to the utility, the power company benefits from the revenue while its customers enjoy the savings.

When power companies incentivize off-peak charging with lower rates, they effectively keep generation and distribution costs down, help customers benefit from a cleaner energy mix and reduce carbon emissions.

#3: Managed charging with smart electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE).

Managed charging with smart EVSE presents yet another way for drivers and fleet managers to make sure that charging happens when costs are lower and the energy mix is cleaner. Not only does this lower an EV’s overall emissions, but once again, it also exerts significant downward pressure on electricity rates.

Smart EVSE units dynamically adjust the maximum power an EV will charge with. They can also automatically shift charging sessions to different times, depending on the status of the grid. This helps ensure that charging happens at optimal times. It also staggers the load, preventing accidental peaks.

Although we’re not there yet, let’s take this a step further and think about a future where we could send out a “green signal” — when renewable power is in abundance and must be used — and our cars, dryers, dishwashers and other energy-intensive devices could charge, dry, clean and cool for dramatically reduced rates.

#4: Reset the refueling mindset and right-size your charging station.

Another way to keep downward pressure on rates is simply resetting the fueling mindset to topping off, rather than filling up. In other words, drivers shouldn’t wait for the battery to dip below 20% before charging. A little bit of charging multiple times per week is far better than charging from empty to full once a week.

Topping off helps improve grid stability by minimizing energy peaks, and it’s better for the vehicle’s battery, too. Ideally, an EV’s battery level should stay between 20% and 80%. Plus, when you recharge a little at a time, the charging station can be less powerful (lower amperage) which makes installation easier and cheaper. Right-sizing your charging station saves drivers money while lessening the impact on the grid.

The news is good, and the energy forecast is bright.

The good news is that with some care and consideration, EV charging will meet customer demand and needs at low-power times of the day that are grid-friendly. This means cheaper fueling for the customer, lower power costs for their neighbors and reduced strain on the grid. It’s better for everyone, essentially. Historically, utilities have been exceptionally good at planning for and providing cheap, safe, reliable and clean electricity since the 1930s. It’s what they do.

That said, it’s a shift for utilities — big and small — because load growth has been flat for so long. It’s not anymore, and it’s not just because of changes in transportation. We’re seeing new load, building load, industrial load, data center load and more. Although it’s new to each of us, it’s not unexpected; our utilities have handled it before (think about how they rose to the challenge of electric air conditioning), and they can do it again. We just have to rise to the challenge and see the many opportunities for positive growth that EVs are affording us.

About EPRI

With a foundational mission to benefit society, EPRI delivers independent, objective thought leadership and industry expertise to help the energy sector identify issues, technology gaps, and broader needs that can be addressed through effective, collaborative research and development programs.

The TVA EnergyRight EV Team works diligently to make sure the people of the Tennessee Valley region have fact-based information about electric vehicles so they can decide how EVs fit into their lives. TVA is collaborating with state agencies, local power companies and other partners to pave the way for EV adoption in the region. This includes developing the Fast Charge Network, which will place public fast chargers at least every 50 miles along the interstates and major highways across TVA’s seven-state service area by 2026.

About our EV blogs: We know that big changes — like purchasing a vehicle that runs on electricity instead of gasoline — can lead to big questions. And that’s why we’re doing our best to provide expert, unbiased answers to your pressing EV questions. Each of our posts will include links to trusted external sources like automotive magazines, thought leaders, research-backed studies, government agencies and more. Feel free to click around!

DISCLAIMER: No TVA endorsement of any specific vehicle, car manufacturer, electric charger or other equipment is intended or implied. This site’s content (including, without limitation, references and links to third-party information) is based on information provided at the time of publishing, and TVA makes no warranty therein.

Q&A with Ingrid Malmgren, policy director for Plug In America.

Electric vehicle (EV) tax credits and rebates help make buying an EV more accessible. However, understanding which vehicles qualify and how the credits work can be confusing! To help make sense of the changing landscape — and make it easier for you to enjoy a $7,500 tax credit —, we chatted with Ingrid Malmgren, one of the industry’s leading policy experts and an early EV adopter.

Malmgren, policy director for Plug In America, has been riding the EV wagon for nearly a decade, enjoying transportation that produces zero tailpipe emissions. She leased her first EV in 2016 and has been enjoying gasoline-free rides ever since.

During our illuminating conversation, she shared the joys of driving a “zippy” electric vehicle, the satisfaction of living a zero tailpipe emissions lifestyle, and the exciting possibilities that EVs could provide for energy security and grid stability.

And yes, she also shared some helpful resources for understanding the ins and outs of EV rebates! Read on for an EV tax credit checklist and for Malmgren’s take on:

How EV policy changes are paving the way for job growth, EV adoption, and more affordable electric car options.

How EV tax credits work and how you can determine which cars are eligible.

How the EV tax credit applies to purchasing or leasing.

How the 30C Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit can help offset the cost of home charger installation

How EV policy can change over time.

This interview has been edited for length and clarity. The views and opinions expressed throughout belong to the interviewee and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of Plug In America or Tennessee Valley Authority. Consult a licensed tax professional for advice on your particular circumstances.

TVA EnergyRight: So what got you so hooked on EVs?

Malmgren: My first project was a vehicle-to-grid road map. And I worked with a team for NYSERDA.¹ I was just fascinated at what an incredible role these mobile energy storage devices, these batteries on wheels that are EVs, could play in fitting into the grid. I remember going to visit our transmission provider² and it looked like Star Trek in there!

That, and it was just so liberating to be zooming around in one. EVs are so zippy and fun to drive. And to just not have to worry about gas and fuel.³ I never even look at the mileage unless I’m road-tripping – it just feels infinite by comparison. Being able to zoom around in the silence and not having to worry about tailpipe emissions and gasoline is liberating.

TVA EnergyRight: What would you want folks to know about EVs?

Malmgren: Oh, boy. First of all, drive an EV, try it! April was Drive Electric Earth Month and Drive Electric Week is in the fall. There are events all over the country, including Tennessee, Kentucky, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Virginia and the Carolinas. You can drive EVs and talk to people who own EVs and hear about their experiences in your community. I think once people drive EVs they’ll see that they’re so quiet, they feel so solid and they’re so powerful. And they require so little maintenance. They cost a lot less to operate and maintain. That’s another big, important thing.

TVA EnergyRight: Historically, tax credits or rebates helped people make more energy efficient choices. Can you break today’s EV credits down for our readers?

Malmgren: So the first thing I would say about the federal EV tax credits is that they can seem complicated! Kelly Blue Book has a resource specifically for EVs by state.

In broad strokes, there are a number of different criteria that the buyer and the vehicle would have to meet. And those criteria are going to change over the life of these EV tax credits, through 2032. Things like your income, the amount of critical minerals in the battery, the components in the battery, the MSRP of the vehicle, and where the battery or vehicle is assembled.⁴ It’s really hard to track that at the consumer level.

I encourage buyers to check out the fueleconomy.gov website. It has been developed specifically to help people understand which vehicles are eligible. Otherwise, it would be really challenging for consumers to navigate this.

As of right now, in 2024, you can get the incentive right up front. So as you’re looking at your vehicle price, you say, OK, this new car is $44,000. I can get $7,500 off up front, reducing the total cost of the car.

Leases go through the Commercial Clean Vehicle tax credit, which does not have a lot of the same criteria that the regular tax credits have. So if you’re interested in an electric vehicle that is not on the fueleconomy.gov list or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle that’s not on those lists on fueleconomy.gov, there may be the option to lease that vehicle and the OEM would pass that tax credit on to you through the lease.

TVA EnergyRight: That’s a great resource and great information! Thank you for sharing. Do you have any other insights or information about the possible $4,000 tax credit for used cars?

Malmgren: About two-thirds of people typically buy used cars. We are a long-term family of used car buyers! Somewhere along the line, we read a Consumer Reports⁵ article that said if you buy a two-year-old car, you get the best bang for your buck because you have the most life left, but you also save a lot of money. The fueleconomy.gov website has a tool for used EVs too.

We also put together a shopping list for consumers, because rebates are so confusing!⁶ It’s really distilled down and it covers what consumers need to know. The other big thing about the federal tax credits is that you have to purchase from a dealer or a dealership. Some dealerships are facilitating private party sales and passing on the tax credit for used EVs that costs less than $25,000. But you need to make sure that the dealership is registered with the IRS Energy Credits Online.⁷

Download our EV tax credit checklist

TVA EnergyRight: One of the lesser-publicized aspects of EV tax credits is the 30C Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit. Can you tell us more about this credit and the implications it could have on the EV charging infrastructure and how this credit can help people purchase and install a charging station for their EV?

Malmgren: We’re still waiting on some guidance from the IRS on 30C, but they did recently come out with guidance about where the stations must be located. It’s very geographically dependent. If you’re interested in installing a home charger, you can look up your address⁸ to find out whether you’re eligible.

You could get up to 30% or $1,000 for your charging station at home. For commercial entities, they can get up to $100,000 for public or business chargers. One of the other things about all the tax credits is that they are either transferable or they are direct pay. This means that you do not have to have a tax liability to qualify. That’s huge! It’s a big equity piece because if you’re retired, you’re on Social Security, you have a fixed income, you don’t pay much in income taxes, but you want to get an EV, you can get the full amount of the federal tax credit, even if you don’t pay that much in taxes over the course of the year.

This also means that if you’re a municipality, a municipal utility, a local nonprofit, a charity, or a church, you can take advantage of the tax credit to install chargers even if you don’t pay taxes.

TVA EnergyRight: What are some pieces of legislation or policy that you’ve worked on that you have a sense of pride of accomplishment in?

Malmgren: I think the tax credits are a big one. We’ve been advocating for them and continue to advocate for them to be as user-friendly as possible and work hard to advocate for them to be as broadly applicable as possible, particularly for people who might not otherwise be able to afford to get into an electric vehicle. Gas prices are so volatile. They’re just all over the place. Being able to drive an electric vehicle as your daily driver can save you a lot of money on fuel. You can also save a lot of money on repairs and maintenance. Having an EV can be a mechanism to help elevate folks economically. We’ve been advocating hard for tax credits that don’t require people to have a tax liability and to be as easy to use as possible.

TVA EnergyRight: What’s on your EV policy wish list?

Malmgren: If we could keep making the grid cleaner and cleaner, that would be great! One of the big strengths of EVs is that they can charge when the sun is shining, the wind is blowing, or at night. They’re ideal for energy arbitrage. There are times when it’s good to get rid of electricity because there’s too much on the system. Imagine if there were times when it’s actually less expensive to give the power away than it is to try to deal with the excess power on the grid. Having incentives like that would just be phenomenal.

Time-of-use rates⁹ have a great deal of potential. But even those aren’t being rolled out as widely as one would think. For example, I am in a rural electric co-op territory¹⁰ and there aren’t any time-of-use rates available for EV charging. I charge at night typically, but there’s no incentive to do so.

TVA EnergyRight: Good point. Yes, home electricity rates vary by local utility. We discussed this a bit in “Charging your EV at home: Fueling where you live.” Here in the Valley region, for example, Middle Tennessee Electric provides discounted energy overnight to charge your EV. We encourage residents to check with their local power company rate options.

Malmgren: Definitely! And then the third piece is simultaneous to these other two, really working to push for a circular battery economy.

EV batteries are so valuable after they leave an EV that they tend to be used for the grid or some other purpose.¹¹ Having these circular economy provisions in place and updating mining laws at the same time would just really be the icing on the cake to make sure that we have a really clean transportation future that’s also ethical and responsible.

What policy director doesn’t want to come up with their dream scenario? It’s great to be asked that, thank you!

¹ New York State Energy Research & Development Authority. You can read the 2015 report, which analyzes the challenges and opportunities that EVs pose to the electric grid, here.
² “Transmission provider” is fancy industry-speak for your local power company’s control room.
³ Fun fact: Malmgren’s first EV had a range of 83 miles. “I did get a little range anxiety from time to time,” she noted with a laugh. “Especially in the winters in Vermont. I have since moved on to a EV with a longer range!”
⁴ Credit-eligible EVs must be assembled in North America.
⁵ Malgrem could have been referencing this article from 2019, “What’s So Great About Used Cars?” but this article from 2024 also tackles the new vs. used question: Should You Buy a New, Certified Pre-Owned, or Used Car?
⁶ The “we” Malmgren is referencing here is Plug In America. You can find their “Federal Tax Credit Checklist for EV Shoppers” here.
⁷ Dealerships can register their business using the IRS’s Energy Credits Online portal.
⁸ You can determine whether or not your home or business is eligible for the 30C tax credit using the U.S. Department of Energy’s 30C Tax Credit Eligibility Locator.
⁹ Time-of-use (TOU) or Time-of-day (TOD) rates are used to incentivize customers to use energy when the cost of generating electricity is less expensive and to disincentivize energy consumption when the cost of generating electricity is high. One great example of TOU rates is Middle Tennessee Electric’s Nite Flex rate which discounts electricity at night, potentially saving EV drivers even more on charging. Check with your local power company to see if it offers time-of-use rates.
¹⁰ Malmgren lives in New England.
¹¹ Used EV batteries can provide backup power and power charging stations. Some companies are upcycling EV batteries to store power at solar or wind farms.

About Plug-in America: Plug In America is a nonprofit organization with a mission to accelerate the transition to affordable and accessible plug-in vehicles and charging through education, advocacy and research. The opinions and recommendations expressed in this interview belong to Ingrid Malmgren and may not express the views and opinions of her employer or TVA.

About our EV blogs: We know that big changes – like purchasing a vehicle that runs on electricity instead of gasoline – can lead to big questions. And that’s why we’re doing our best to provide expert, unbiased answers to your pressing EV questions. Each of our posts will include links to trusted external sources like automotive magazines, thought leaders, research-backed studies, government agencies and more. Feel free to click around!

DISCLAIMER: No Tennessee Valley Authority endorsement of any specific vehicle, car manufacturer, electric charger or other equipment is intended or implied. This site’s content (including, without limitation, references and links to third-party information) is based on information provided at the time of publishing, and TVA makes no warranty therein.

Schedule some TLC for your heat pump today

Preventive HVAC maintenance isn’t the most glamorous of tasks. We get it. And we know that looking up a trusted contractor from the Quality Contractor Network won’t set your pulse a-thumping like booking a rental on the beach, finding the perfect thrift-store treasure or nabbing tix to that hot concert everyone’s buzzing about, but it can help keep you nice and cozy once winter sets in.

Now’s the perfect time to get on your contractor’s calendar too, because once winter rolls around, they’ll be plenty busy taking emergency calls from people who weren’t as diligent about maintenance as you are!

Need a little more than “calendars” and “cozy” to convince you to take the HVAC tune-up plunge? Here it goes:

1. Get a $50 rebate from TVA EnergyRight.

We’re taking the sting out of tune-up costs with a $50 rebate on your electric HVAC system tune-up. Don’t have electric heat? Make a note to schedule your AC tune-up in the spring.

2. Extend the life of your HVAC system.

If recent weather trends continue, odds are pretty good that you’ll soon be turning your heat and AC on between now and November, and that can be tough on your heating and cooling system. Regularly scheduled tune-ups help keep your unit in tip-top working condition as long as mechanically possible. And the longer your system lasts, the happier and more comfortable you’ll be.

According to ENERGY STAR, a typical maintenance checkup should include:

Checking thermostat settings.
Tightening all electrical connections.
Lubricating all moving parts.
Checking and inspecting the condensate drain.
Checking system controls.
Cleaning blower components and the evaporator and condenser coils.
Verifying refrigerant level.

3. Improve energy efficiency.

Routine HVAC tune-ups also help maintain your unit’s energy efficiency. When your heating and cooling system is running at peak efficiency, you’ll keep your utility bills down, help out the environment and make sure that everyone in your house is as cool (or hot) as they think they are.

Get a free $20 gift card (for assessments completed on or before December 31, 202) and energy-saving kit. Take our free DIY Home Energy Assessment to find out where your home is using (and losing) energy.

4. Honor thy warranty.

With any luck, your HVAC unit came with a warranty. Did you know that some manufacturers may require you to maintain the unit? Fortunately, regular tune-ups conducted by a TVA-vetted member of the Quality Contractor Network take care of that pesky requirement while minimizing the likelihood of experiencing catastrophic equipment failure. A win-win, if we do say so ourselves.

5. Enjoy consistent warmth.

A heating unit that’s not functioning correctly is going to have a tough time keeping your home consistently warm. If the temperature varies from room to room, there may be a reason — and a trusted contractor can get to the root of the problem during routine maintenance, before it becomes an emergency. (You can also learn more about air sealing and duct maintenance here.)

6. Minimize emergency repairs.

Speaking of emergencies, it may help if you think of an HVAC tune-up like a routine cleaning at the dentist. That preventive cleaning is going to be a lot less expensive (and less painful) than an emergency visit.

If your AC is on the fritz, be sure to check out this article!

7. Save money with preventive AC maintenance.

Nearly all of the reasons to schedule your fall HVAC checkup boil down to this: It can save you money in the form of:

Lower electricity bills
Longer-lasting HVAC equipment
Fewer emergency repairs

We said it last month when we covered air sealing, but we’ll say it again this month: An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure, especially if it means you can avoid replacing your HVAC system!

Hit the “easy” button and find a licensed and insured contractor by using our Quality Contractor Network. All members are vetted by TVA and trained to meet our project quality standards.

Search the Quality Contractor Network for free to find TVA-vetted contractors near you.

Alabama town embraces EV fast charging and welcomes new visitors to a revitalized downtown.

Fast charging station helps bring more people to a bustling Main Street.

Fort Payne, AL, the birthplace of Alabama (the legendary country music band) and Pete the Cat (the beloved blue children’s book character), has a new claim to fame: It’s home to the very first electric vehicle (EV) fast charging site in TVA’s regional Fast Charge Network.

Since Fort Payne’s fast charging station was installed in 2022, 46 chargers have been installed across the Tennessee Valley’s seven-state region.

“We hope to double the size of the Fast Charge Network in 2024. Once completed, the network will include approximately 80 locations and 200 fast chargers,” said McKale Carter, an electric vehicle programs specialist at TVA EnergyRight^®.

The direct current (DC) fast charging stations in the network can charge an EV in 20-60 minutes. Organizations and businesses interested in having a fast charger installed should contact their local power company.

To learn more about charging, visit our website or check out our Charging 101 article on Driving Evolution, TVA EnergyRight’s EV blog.

Electrifying transportation, serving our region.

“If you consider the location of Fort Payne, between Atlanta and Huntsville, Chattanooga and Birmingham, it’s a crossroads,” said radio personality and Main Street hero Steve Malcom.

Which makes the picture-perfect small town the perfect location for an EV fast charging station.

Ironically, charging your EV on Fort Payne’s thriving Main Street is a great way to step back in time and experience a slice of small-town USA while plugging into the future. While you charge up, be sure to top up on coffee at one of the local coffee shops, grab a bite to eat at any of the nearby restaurants, visit a one-of-a-kind museum or go shopping at one of the many stores on Main Street.

“Our original intention was to draw attention to our downtown area,” said Mike Shirey, general manager of the Fort Payne Improvement Authority. “We have definitely done that. We wanted to introduce people to Fort Payne so they could see what we’re so proud of.”

Fulfilling our mission, today and tomorrow.

“TVA was created with the mission to help electrify the Tennessee Valley. To bring electricity, and jobs, and do so in an environmentally responsible way,” said Drew Frye, a commercial energy services manager at TVA EnergyRight.

“The Fast Charge Network is a program where we work with local power companies, state agencies and private companies and cities to help develop the foundational electric vehicle charging network. This really complements that mission,” noted Frye. “It’s really about innovation and bringing new technology to our region.”

Fort Payne’s fast charging station is part of the ChargePoint network. Creating an account is free, and downloading the ChargePoint app makes it easy to identify nearby chargers and pay. All Fast Charge Network sites are equipped with Combined Charging Standard (CCS) and CHAdeMO plugs. Cars equipped with the North American Charging Standard (NACS) can buy an adapter to charge at any site within the Fast Charge Network.

Working together to make things work.

TVA is collaborating with state agencies, local power companies and other partners to pave the way for EV adoption in the region. This includes developing the Fast Charge Network, which will place public fast chargers at least every 50 miles along the interstates and major highways across TVA’s seven-state service area by 2026. Once completed, the Fast Charge Network will include approximately 80 locations and 200 fast chargers.

Fort Payne’s fast charger was made possible through a partnership with TVA, local utility Fort Payne Improvement Authority, the Alabama Department of Economic and Community Affairs (ADECA) and Seven States Power Corporation. TVA provided the DC fast chargers, and ADECA contributed state grant funding to install the chargers.

“We moved quickly to participate in this program because we want to make it easy for people to choose EVs so our community can enjoy the environmental and economic benefits of electric transportation,” said Fort Payne Improvement Authority’s general manager, Mike Shirey. “The support from TVA and grant funding from ADECA made it possible to add charging stations without affecting our customers’ bills.”

About FPIA:

Fort Payne Improvement Authority is a municipal public corporation created in 1940 by public vote of the citizens of Fort Payne, Alabama. FPIA is one of 154 local power companies served by TVA and provides service to approximately 8,600 customers. FPIA is committed to providing its customers with a safe and reliable power source at the lowest practical cost. We value our customers and are committed to providing them with excellent customer service.

Pedal easy: How to choose an electric bicycle that works for you.

Thinking about upping your bike game? We’re ready to play … and help you choose an electric bicycle that fits your cycling style.

First, a few words about the e-bike classifications. Most bicycle manufacturers and state and local entities have adopted a three-class system for categorizing electric bicycles.

	Class 1	Class 2	Class 3
Pedal Assist	Yes	Yes	Yes
Throttle	No	Yes	No
Max Assisted Speed	20 mph	20 mph	28 mph

Class 1: Pedal-assist only. A motor provides assistance only when you’re pedaling. Motorized assistance cuts off when you reach 20 mph.

Class 2: Pedal assist + throttle. Pedal-assist up to 20 mph and a throttle-powered mode that does not require pedaling.

Class 3: Pedal assist only. Motorized assistance cuts off at 28 mph. Check local regulations regarding bike path and multi-use trail navigation.

If you’re ready to take the plunge and start whirling your way to work (or spinning to school), here’s what you need to know to choose an electric bicycle that’ll get the job done.

How to choose an electric bicycle that fits your pedaling style and experience.

How you ride, where you ride and what you hope to do with your e-bike all factor into which e-bike is best for you.

Class 1

Class 1 e-bikes are easy to use and feel a lot like riding a conventional bicycle. These bikes are great for newbie electric cyclists looking to get from point A to point B quicker and with a little less pedaling.

They also tend to be the most widely accepted e-bike from a regulatory standpoint. Because they top out at 20 mph and don’t feature a throttle, they’re generally permitted on bike paths, greenways and bike lanes.

Class 2

In addition to pedal assist, Class 2 e-bikes are also throttle-powered. Throttle assistance can come in handy on off-road trails or in hilly or mountainous regions. These bikes feel a bit like riding a moped and may be best for experienced e-bike riders because they tend to be faster and more powerful than Class 1 bikes.

Like Class 1 bicycles, Class 2 e-bikes top out at 20 mph; however, local municipalities may restrict their use on public, mixed-use paths.

Class 3

Feel the need for speed? Class 3 e-bikes provide the experienced rider with pedal assistance up to 28 mph. These faster and more powerful bikes are quite popular amongst the adventure-riding set, commuters who like to keep up with traffic, or errand runners carrying heavier loads.

Again, we recommend that you check your local regulations about where Class 3 bikes can be ridden: If you live in Tennessee or Alabama, for example, you should know that Class 3 bikes are prohibited on bicycle paths or greenway trails.

SOURCES: REI.com, Consumer Reports, Greenways for Nashville, Casetext.com

Choose an electric bicycle that suits your style

Just as you would when purchasing a conventional bike, you’ll want to start your search by narrowing the field. So how do you choose an electric bicycle that suits your style? It’s easy! And we’ll help you find a bike you like.

Electric mountain bike

Mountain bikes are extremely versatile. They excel off-road and on-trails, but they ride great on the road, too. Mountain bikes tend to have wider tires for added stability and a more relaxed geometry and sophisticated suspension for greater comfort. They are, however, heavier than road bikes and slower on paved surfaces than road or hybrid bikes.

Electric cruiser bikes

What’s a cruiser bike? Conjure up a picture of Almira Gulch (AKA the Wicked Witch of the West) pedaling away with poor Toto and you’ll be on the right path. Also known as beach cruisers, these e-bikes are made for recreational riding and comfortable cycling. Or, if you’re a nasty witch, dognapping.

Electric fat bikes

Like cruiser bikes, fat bikes are made for fun and comfort. However, thanks to their fat 4-inch plus tires, they ride well in loose soil, sand or even snow. These big boys come in a range of styles from foldable to full-on cruiser.

Electric road bikes

We’re going to commit cycling blasphemy here, but for the sake of simplicity, we’re including hybrid bikes, road bikes and racing bikes in this category. Typically road bikes have a body-forward, lean-in geometry, narrower saddles and no suspension. These bikes are easy to maneuver, are lighter than mountain bikes or cruisers, and can be easily ridden without any e-assist at all. Perfect for folks who just want a little help on the hills.

Electric cargo bikes

The minivan of the e-bike world, these bikes are great for hauling groceries, kids and pets. Electric cargo bikes may not be able to go as fast as other types of e-bikes, but if you want to reduce your carbon footprint while hauling a lot of stuff, cargo e-bikes are the way to go. (And let’s be honest, they’re way cooler than a minivan.)

Electric folding bikes

Tight on space? These clever conveyances fit neatly in the trunk of your car, snuggle safely in the luggage compartment of a commuter train, or tuck tidily behind the door of your office. If space is at a premium, a folding e-bike may be just the ticket. However, we should note that folding bikes may not ride as smoothly as conventionally sized bicycles.

As you home in on the type of bike you’d like, you’ll want to start reading reviews from editorial-vetted teams like those from Bicycling magazine, Cycling Weekly and Tom’s Guide to get a better sense of cost and quality.

What’s your e-bike budget?

Generally speaking, Class 1 e-bikes are the most affordable, and you can find a very good electric bicycle for under $1,500. (Although a quick trip to Craigslist or Facebook Marketplace reveals deals to be had on all classes of e-bikes.) Class 2 and Class 3 bikes tend to be more expensive and high-end e-bikes can cost $6,000 or more.

When you factor in how much you can save on gasoline, rideshare fares and parking, an electric bike’s price tag becomes a lot less daunting. Before you take the plunge, check for federal, state, or local rebates or incentives on ebikes.

Where should you buy an electric bicycle?

Ready to ride! It’s time to choose an electric bicycle! You can buy one online, of course, but if you’re new to the e-bike world, consider making a trip to a local bike shop. Generally speaking, bike shop staff will be more than happy to answer all your questions and help you choose an electric bicycle that’s right for you.

Plus, when you buy local, you’ll be able to take several models and styles of e-bikes for a test drive and find the one you like best. Once you’ve made your decision, they’ll even make sure that the bike is correctly fitted to you, making adjustments to the seat and handlebars as necessary. For the best service, look for a local shop that specializes in e-bikes or sells e-bikes exclusively.

Why should you buy an electric bicycle?

Piloting an e-bike can make riding over the region’s hills easier and help you get from point A to point B more quickly and efficiently. Electric bikes may be a good choice if you have knee injuries or struggle with respiratory problems or other health issues. (Be sure to speak with your doctor before pedaling off on your new e-bike, though!)

Don’t forget the gear!

E-bikes are fun, fast and fabulous but because they’re faster, they can be riskier to ride than a conventional bicycle. That’s why adding high-quality protective equipment to your shopping cart is essential.

Here’s what you’ll need:

A helmet that fits snugly over your noggin is a no-brainer. It shouldn’t slip from side to side or tilt forward or backwards as you’re moving. For extra safety, look for a reflective helmet for top-to-bottom nighttime visibility.
Stand out with brightly colored, reflective clothing; long sleeves and long pants are highly recommended.
For a stronger grip on the handlebars, consider a pair of cycling gloves. They may also help protect your paws in the event of a fall. While you’re at it, toss in some elbow and knee pads.
Extra lights and reflectors. Some e-bikes may come equipped with lights and reflectors but the more the merrier!
Don’t forget the bells, flags, and whistles. Safety flags seem very 1983, but they increase visibility. Horns and bells can help alert those around you to your approach.

Riding an e-bike is a great way to save on gasoline, get your daily dose of activity in and give the environment a break by keeping your car parked. Just make sure you follow the rules of the road and ride safely out there! We hope our “How to choose an electric bicycle” guide helps get you rolling in the right direction.

What you need to know about charging your EV at home.

EV drivers in the Tennessee Valley region have plenty of good things to say about their vehicles and aren’t shy about sharing their top tips and tricks for EV ownership. Those who like to get from point A to point B quickly are thrilled by instant torque. Others are delighted by the fact that their cars produce zero tailpipe emissions. Some appreciate the lower overall cost of ownership and eliminating costly trips to the gas station.

Advice from EV experts for charging your EV at home

Nearly everyone we spoke to had good things to say about the convenience of charging their EVs at home. Plus, the cost of our region’s clean, reliable electricity remains lower than 70% of the nation’s top 100 utilities. When you use TVA’s nearly 60% carbon-free and locally produced electricity to fuel your car, truck, motorcycle or bicycle, filling up makes good financial sense and it’s good for the local economy.

Filling up is as easy as plugging in.

The verdict is in: Charging your electricity-fueled vehicle at home is convenient and economical. Now let’s get plugged into the ins and outs of charging your EV at home.

Charging your EV at home is one of the biggest perks to electric vehicle ownership, but first-time owners usually have plenty of excellent questions about home charging. Read on for answers, links to trusted websites and other resources to make sure you have what you need to successfully – and safely – get on with the business of charging your EV at home.

Make a plan for charging your EV at home before you bring it home.

If you’re ready to pull the plug and purchase an EV, consider starting the charger installation process before you bring your new baby home. The installation process may take up to eight weeks, depending on contractor, installation complexity and equipment availability.

What’s the best Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) for me?

Most new electric vehicles arrive at your doorstep with a Level 1 charger. (Can’t find it? Check the car’s trunk!) Also known as trickle-chargers, these slow-charging 120-volt devices are highly portable and great to use in a pinch or while traveling to destinations that aren’t equipped with a Level 2 charger or DC fast charger. Simply plug it into a standard wall outlet and let the juice trickle into your EV’s battery.

What do our owner friends recommend? If you routinely drive more than 30 miles a day, having a Level 2 (240-volt) home charging station – also known as an EVSE – professionally installed is recommended. (Check out Charging 101 for EV charging tips!) Level 2 charging adds about 20 to 30 miles or more of driving range per hour.

With a Level 2 charger, you can plug in your nearly depleted EV when you get home from work and take your first sip of morning coffee with the satisfaction of knowing that your battery is topped up and ready to whisk you away.

Plus, with the region’s low electricity rates, home charging is a great way to save on fuel costs.

To find the home charging station that’s right for you, visit the TVA EnergyRight Marketplace and search for EV chargers by Enervee Score^®, brand, cost, customer reviews, features and more. Don’t worry! We’ll break it down for you so you can shop with confidence.

Enervee Score^®

This score shows you how energy efficient a product is compared to all the other products in the category. The closer to 100, the more efficient the charger. (That is: chargers with a rating close to 100 use less energy to fill up your battery.) For EV chargers, the score is based on a combination of smart charging features and savings from electrical losses.

Home EV charging station make and model

With so many options available, it can be tough to figure out which home charger is the best. And what’s best for you and your EV may not be the best option for your neighbor. To find the right home EV charging station, we recommend reading customer reviews on the Marketplace and checking out independent reviews from trusted sources like MotorTrend, Wirecutter or Consumer Reports.

Whatever model you choose, just be sure it has a safety testing certification sticker from UL Solutions.

Cost

Although you can sort chargers by price, we don’t recommend this method – as tempting as it is! Purchasing a new car is a long-term investment and your choice of charging equipment should be, too. You should be able to choose a high-quality charger within a $500-700 range. To maximize your enjoyment, select a charger that’s efficient and well-reviewed, has the features you need and is built to fit your charging location.

NEMA electrical enclosure rating and ingress protection

The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) defines the standards used for electrical enclosures. NEMA-rated enclosures help protect against accidental access to dangerous components and environmental hazards like water or dust. The ratings help define the types of environments (indoors or outdoors) in which an enclosure can be used.

Ingress protection (IP) ratings are defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and certify that an object is able to withstand a certain and specific amount of exposure to solids (like dust) and liquids (like rain). The higher the IP rating, the better protection it offers against the elements. In other words, look for an IP rating of 5 or 6 if you’re installing your charger outside.

When professionally installed and used according to manufacturer’s directions, yes, EVs are designed to charge safely in rain, snow or ice. Just be careful out there on those slippery roads!

Popular EV charging features

Not only is a Level 2 charger the fastest way to charge your EV at home, but these chargers usually come with more handy features than your standard Level 1 charger. Keep these charger features in mind as you shop:

Wi-Fi connectivity: This gives you the ability to monitor charging remotely and receive alerts delivered to an app on your phone.
Amp output (max power) capability: Depending on your vehicle, you may benefit from higher (or lower) output capabilities. (For more about EV batteries and why kilowatts, amps and battery capacity matters, check out our Battery Basics post.)
Managed charging: Make sure your vehicle is powered when needed, while supporting a more reliable and resilient grid.
Cord length: Do you need a charging cord that’s long enough to span a two-car garage?
Cord management: This one’s for you, neat freaks. Some folks don’t mind messy cords. Others can’t stand an undressed cable. If you don’t know what “cable dressing” is, don’t worry too much about cord management. If you’re nodding your head in reverent appreciation here, look for a charger with a built-in cord management system.
Smart assistant integration: Some chargers connect with digital assistants like Alexa or Google Assistant.
Installation: Level 2 chargers may have multiple installation options like 14-50 plugs (like your dryer outlet plugs) or 6-50 plugs. Chargers can also be directly hardwired from the electrical box.

How can I find a trustworthy electrician to install a residential EV charger?

For peace of mind, you’ll want to find a certified electrician you can count on. Some electricians are certified by the Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program (EVITP) and you can search the organization’s website to find a technician. EVSE companies like EvoCharge or ChargePoint may also be able to point you in the right direction. If they’re not certified by EVITP or a charger manufacturer, you may also want to consider asking potential contractors how many EV chargers they’ve installed to get a better sense of their level of expertise. And don’t forget to ask for references!

How much does it cost to install a home EV charger?

Charger costs can vary widely. At the time we wrote this article, chargers listed on the Marketplace ranged from $199 to $699, with an average price of $470.

According to Qmerit, an EV charging installer recommended by dozens of EV manufacturers, a typical home installation can cost anywhere from $800-$2,000, depending on job complexity, charger power and the distance between the electrical panel and the charging station.

How much does it cost to charge an EV at home?

Home electricity rates in our region are among the lowest in the country, which means that EV owners in the Valley save $20+ per refueling!

Use this formula to estimate how much fueling up with electricity will cost you:

* Find miles per kWh for common EV makes and models here.

**Example: Middle Tennessee Electric residential time-of-use (off-peak consumption plus fuel cost adjustment) rate as of 9/7/23.

SOURCE: The Washington Post

Can I use an extension cord to charge my EV at home?

We do not recommend using an extension cord because the additional cord length adds resistance and can overheat home wiring.

How many kilowatts do I need?

MotorTrend recommends 9.6 kilowatts (40 amps), noting that it will add about 29 miles per hour of charging for mid-size crossover SUVs. The more kilowatts (or amps) your charger can deliver, the faster your EV battery can charge.

However, the car itself will determine the final charging speed, no matter which charger you buy. In some instances, higher power chargers won’t necessarily charge your EV more quickly. Check out the table below to get a sense of how quickly charger amperage and power output impact charging times. But remember: Don’t buy a charger that exceeds your car’s capabilities.

Power of the plug.

Although using a NEMA 14-50 outlet (like your dryer outlet) allows you to take your charger with you if you move, most installation pros recommend hardwiring your home charger. However, if you take the plug-in installation path, use a commercial-grade plug designed for charging. Inexpensive residential outlets are not intended for 8-12 hours of EV charging and may overheat.

Can my home handle an EV charger?

If you’ve made it this far, but you’re thinking: “There’s no way my old home can support an EV charger.”

Don’t worry, you may have options! Consult with a certified electrician who can take a look at your electrical panel and service. In some instances, they’ll easily identify spare electrical capacity (amperage) and breaker space. If that’s not the case, they’ll likely have a few recommendations that’ll work for you. Some possibilities may include:

Exploring smart energy devices that can share power between existing appliances, like your clothing dryer and your EV. (Encourage your electrician to check with local codes officials when they pull a permit for your EV charger installation.)
Choosing a lower power (lower amperage) charger.
Upgrading your wiring and electrical panel to accommodate a higher power (higher amperage) charger.

Go forth and start charging your EV at home!

That’s a wrap, friends. We hope we’ve covered all the basics of EV home charging and then some!

About the author: The TVA EnergyRight EV Team works diligently to make sure the people of the Tennessee Valley region have fact-based information about electric vehicles so they can decide how EVs fit into their lives. TVA is collaborating with state agencies, local power companies and other partners to pave the way for EV adoption in the region. This includes developing the Fast Charge Network, which will place public fast chargers at least every 50 miles along the interstates and major highways across TVA’s seven-state service area by 2026.

When the TVA EnergyRight Team began brainstorming ideas for our Driving EVolution blog series, we knew that creating fun, well-balanced articles citing reliable sources would be the key to developing content that friends and neighbors like you could trust.

We began our journey by paving the foundation. We covered fundamentals by producing a glossary of EV terms and a guide to battery basics. We also published articles answering 10 common questions about EVs, shared the top EV tips from the region’s owners, explored the world of home charging, and more.

Now we’re ready to tackle the pros and cons of electric vehicles. Buckle up, we’re in for a ride!

Pros and cons of electric vehicles: What to know before you take the EV leap.

If you’re in the market for a new (or used) car, the odds are pretty good that you’re at least thinking about getting an EV. Or maybe even just thinking about thinking about getting an EV. J.D. Power’s 2023 U.S. Electric Vehicle Consideration Study discovered that 26% of buyers are “very likely” to consider purchasing an EV and a whopping 61% of car shoppers say they’re “overall likely” to consider purchasing an EV.

For this article, we’re focusing on battery-only EVs, also known as BEVs. For a closer look at the pros and cons of BEVs versus plug-in hybrid electric vehicles or hybrids, read “Types of EVs and the EV alphabet: What’s a PHEV, HEV and FCEV?”

Advantages of electric vehicles.

Convenience of home charging.

When the “pros and cons of electric vehicles” discussion is on the table, there’s usually a lot of talk about the public charging infrastructure. While it’s a very valid discussion, it detracts from the fact that most charging – and the most cost-effective charging – happens at home. Another recent J.D. Power report, “Level Up: Electric Vehicle Owners with Permanently Installed Level 2 Chargers Reap Benefits from Their Investment,” noted that 88% of EV owners say they charge their vehicle at home “often” or “always.”

Plus, once you have your Level 2 charging station professionally installed, home charging is as safe and as easy as plugging your cellphone in for the night. In a nutshell: Not only is charging your EV at home convenient, but it will also save you the most money. The Washington Post summed it up nicely in August: “In all 50 states, it’s cheaper for the everyday American to fill up with electrons [than gasoline].”

Much lower overall emissions.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) found that the comparative life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of a mid-sized BEV are significantly lower than those of a similarly sized internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle, even accounting for battery assembly and the minerals contained in an EV’s batteries.

The Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy’s fun Fact of the Week #1208 declared that the “Life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions for a 2020 small electric SUV were half those of a conventional gasoline small SUV.” And, yes, that’s a cradle-to-grave, well-to-wheels, battery-to-bumper fact.

Confirming the IEA’s findings, the International Council on Clean Transportation’s most recent life-cycle assessment also shows that battery-only EVs (BEVs) and fuel cell EVs (FCEVs) have the potential to be very low greenhouse gas (GHG) emitters.

The report notes, “The emissions from manufacturing batteries, solar panels, and wind turbines are small when compared to the GHG savings from the greater efficiency and cleaner energy supply of EVs compared to conventional vehicles.”

EVs are FUN to drive.

With instant torque (that’s car nerd talk for that feeling you get when you hammer the GO! pedal and your head hits the headrest while your cheeks try to hide behind your ears), they’re just fun to drive.

There are more than 20 EVs that can blast a 0-60 mph time of 3.0 seconds or less. We’d like to take credit for this sentence, but all credit goes to MotorTrend: EVs in the under-3.0-second club “don’t feel as if they’re accelerating down the road so much as they’re dropping you off a horizontal cliff.”

For some of us, that’s a good thing.

(CAUTION: We’d be remiss if we didn’t state clearly, and for the record, the importance of following speed limits and local traffic laws. Have fun, but obey speed limits, use your turn signals, leave plenty of room between you and the car in front of you, and just drive safely out there, y’all.)

They’re good for the seven-state Tennessee Valley region.

EVs use locally produced energy.

One of the reasons TVA EnergyRight is working to increase awareness and understanding of EVs throughout the region is that not only are EVs good for our air quality, but they can also help you save on fuel costs while keeping energy dollars in the area.

ICE-powered cars rely on fossil fuel imported from outside of our region or from foreign countries. EVs are fueled primarily by electricity produced in our region and supplied through local power companies, supporting local jobs and investments. Plus, TVA’s energy is nearly 60% carbon-free and TVA has aspirations to be net carbon free by 2050.

“We are pleased to have attracted so many players in the EV business,” said John Bradley, senior vice president of TVA’s Economic Development, last year, after TVA received a Top Utility award. “We are now considered a national hub for electrical vehicle production, which is highly beneficial to consumers, and that points to a prosperous future for the Tennessee Valley.”

Lower overall cost of car ownership.

A Consumer Reports analysis from 2022 found that EV owners can lower their operation and maintenance costs by $1,800 to $2,600 per 15,000 miles driven, compared to ICE owners.

Lower fueling costs.

Fueling with electricity remains less expensive than gasoline and the price fluctuations for electricity are far less volatile. Even with TVA’s October 2023 rate adjustment, those of us who live and work in the region enjoy electric rates that are lower than rates in 70% of the nation’s top 100 utilities.

Happily, TVA’s low and stable energy rates are great for EV owners throughout the seven-state service territory.

Use this formula to estimate how much fueling with electricity will cost you:

* Find miles per kWh for common EV makes and models here. Note: mi/kWh – 1 ÷ (kWh/mi)

**Example BrightRidge residential rate as of 12/30/23.

Possible tax incentives

Saying “see ya” to the gas station is only one way EVs save drivers money. Some new EVs qualify for a hefty federal income tax credit of up to $7,500 and used EVs may qualify for incentives up to $4,000. Use our Compare EVs tool to find out which vehicles qualify.

Lower scheduled maintenance costs.

Gas-burning engines experience a lot more wear and tear and require more maintenance than an EV. When you drive an EV, you’ll still have to take it in for a checkup but the to-do list will be a lot shorter. Although brakes last longer, thanks to regenerative braking, you’ll want to make sure that your car is fitted with tires made for the heavier curb weight of your electric vehicle.

It’s easier to budget transportation costs for an EV.

Because maintenance costs are significantly less and fuel costs are more consistent, month-to-month budgeting is a lot easier with an EV.

Disadvantages of electric vehicles.

Although there are plenty of advantages to driving an EV, we recognize that there are a few drawbacks. With a little patience and planning, though, the advantages may outweigh the disadvantages for many drivers.

The public charging infrastructure is still being developed.

For now, this is true and remains a sticking point for many potential EV owners.

“The biggest friction point for consideration is the availability of public chargers,” said Stewart Stropp, executive director of EV intelligence at J.D. Power. “While owners are impressed by what automakers are offering, they’re also thinking about how, when and where they’ll be able to charge their vehicles away from home. A resounding effort to build out and improve the public charging infrastructure will emphatically increase EV purchase consideration.”

The situation is changing rapidly on this front, however. In late July 2023, a group of major automakers announced that they were forming a new company to provide EV charging stations across the U.S. The coalition includes BMW, General Motors (GM), Honda, Hyundai, Kia, Mercedes Benz and Stellantis. This great charging infrastructure news comes on the heels of manufacturers like Ford, GM, Mercedes Benz, Rivian and Volvo/Polestar announcing they would adopt Tesla’s NACS plug.

TVA EnergyRight is doing its part to address range anxiety and improve the charging infrastructure throughout the region by collaborating with state agencies, local power companies and other partners to develop the Fast Charge Network, which will ensure public fast chargers are located at least every 50 miles along the interstates and major highways across TVA’s seven-state service area by 2026.

It takes longer to fuel an EV than to fill up a gas tank.

Charging your EV at home is the most convenient and affordable way to fuel your car. For long-distance road trips, however, driving an EV will require a little more planning than driving a gas-powered car.

EV drivers we chatted with recommend planning charging stops around sightseeing, lunch and retail therapy. Several noted that they felt a sense of multitasking pleasure and actually preferred charging up over filling up and inhaling gasoline fumes. They also recommend using charging apps like ChargePoint, Chargeway, EVgo and PlugShare. You can find them here:

Apple’s App Store: ChargePoint, Chargeway, EVgo and PlugShare.
Google Play: ChargePoint, Chargeway, EVgo and PlugShare.

Higher initial cost.

We have some good news on this front! The cost of electric vehicles is coming down. Prices on used EVs are down 28% compared to last year and new EVs dropped approximately 15%. Although up-front costs are often higher, the gap between EVs and ICE cars is shrinking quickly.

The cost of replacing an EV battery is steep.

The batteries that store the energy your EV runs on are technological marvels. And yes, they’re pricey marvels. Fortunately, federal law mandates that manufacturers offer at least eight years or 100,000 miles of EV battery warranty coverage. Some manufacturers offer a 10-year warranty.

For more info on batteries, check out Battery Basics.

Towing is tough.

Many EVs, like the Rivian, Ford Lightning and Audi eTron are powerful enough to easily accommodate towing. However, honesty is one of our guiding principles, so we’re going to give it to you straight: You can tow with many EVs, but towing to maximum capacity can more than halve an EV truck’s driving range. So plan your power-ups accordingly.

(Of course, towing also takes a significant toll on gas mileage!)

The pros and cons of electric vehicles … in a nutshell.

The automotive world is an exciting place to be right now. Every day brings new technological advancements, exciting models, batteries that charge faster, go farther and last longer, and more chargers and charging options. EVs have incredible potential, and they may be a great fit for plenty of drivers in the region.

We hope you’ll continue exploring the pros and cons of EVs and maybe even schedule a test drive to see if an EV is right for you!

DISCLAIMER: No TVA endorsement of any specific vehicle, car manufacturer, electric charger or other equipment is intended or implied.

Five fantastic ways you can get behind the wheel and test drive an electric car.

Are you wondering: “Where can I test drive an electric car and really get a feel for what it’s like to own an EV?”

You’re not alone. There are plenty of EV-interested car buyers just like you. That’s why we came up with a few creative suggestions for ways that you can go for great EV test drives.

1: Schedule an EV test drive with a dealer

Test drive an electric car with a salesperson in the passenger seat – it’s a great way to get a rundown of a car’s features, capabilities and technology. Whether you need a quick first impression or a final thumbs-up decision, a dealer test drive is a good way to go.

You’ll want to test drive several different EV makes and models, so start by comparing vehicles online. You can use our Compare Vehicles or Find an EV tools to get started.

Once you’ve created your list of possible EV contenders, consider calling a few different dealerships and asking for their go-to EV salespeople. If they can’t point you in the right direction, then call another dealership. Visiting a showroom with at least one salesperson who knows EVs will make for a much more productive test-driving experience.

Then, schedule your EV test drive. If you’re interested in more than one model, ask them to have both vehicles charged up.

If you’re new to the EV world and you want a clearer sense of what it’s like to drive one, a dealer-approved country-mile spin may not be enough. Let the salesperson know in advance that you’d like to take the car for an extended test drive. That way, you’ll get a feel for acceleration, performance, city driving, parking and highway handling.

If you’re clearly serious about buying the car, some dealers may even let you keep it overnight.

2: Rent an EV for a test drive.

Most major car rental companies – like Alamo, Budget and Hertz – offer EV rentals. Rent a car for a full day or an entire week and truly get a feel for what it’s like to own an EV. If you decide to rent for an extended period, you’ll want to have a plan for charging.

Most EV charging happens at home, so if you decide to buy an EV, most owners recommend having a Level 2 home charger installed. However, for an extended EV test drive, you have a couple of options that don’t involve installing a charger.

Level 1 home charging uses a regular outlet (like the one you plug your outdoor holiday lights or cordless drill chargers into) and will work well for a short-term test-drive. Level 1 “trickle charging” is the slowest way to charge an EV, but you’ll add about five miles per hour of charging. So if you plug in after work and unplug in the morning, you’ll have added about 65 miles of range. Just make sure the electric car you’re test driving comes with a Level 1 charging cord! This will give you a feel for how easy EVs are to charge; but don’t forget, a Level 2 charger will be about four times faster than a Level 1 charge.

On-the-go charging is probably the way to go. You’ll want to look for chargers near your home; shopping centers or local recreation areas are good options. You can visit our website to learn more about charging an EV or use our find a charger tool to get started.

You can also use public charging networks like ChargePoint, Chargeway, EVgo and PlugShare. Find the apps here:

Apple’s App Store: ChargePoint, Chargeway, Electrify America, EVgo and PlugShare.
Google Play: ChargePoint, Chargeway, Electrify America, EVgo and PlugShare.

Did you know that many automotive manufacturers have rental car programs, too? Audi, Nissan and Toyota, for example, all offer “try it before you buy it”-style rental programs.

(Please note: This is not an exhaustive list of charging networks or car rental agencies and TVA does not endorse any particular charging company or car rental agency.)

3: Go for a ride-and-drive.

Visit the TVA EnergyRight website for an up-to-date listing of EV ride-and-drives and local events near you. Throughout the year, Plug In America organizes EV test drives and EV events all over the country. If you’re looking for a fun, free, communal block party-type test drive, an EV ride-and-drive is a great way to go.

4: Borrow an EV

Although there aren’t many carsharing services in our seven-state service region, potential EV owners can use services like Turo or Getaround to test drive an EV. If you’re thinking about purchasing a used EV, this could be a good way to see what a 2018 Tesla Model S or a 2022 Ford Mustang Mach-E, for example, feels like.

Plus, you’ll have the opportunity to chat with the owner about their experience with the vehicle.

Use the filter options to select “Electric” or “Hybrid.” As with any “share” program – whether homeshare or carshare – there are risks involved with this approach and rental costs and car quality may vary.

5: Find a friend

In these days of social interconnectedness, you may be surprised to find out how many of your friends and acquaintances drive electric vehicles. It can’t hurt to ask around!

Most early EV adopters are more than happy to share their enthusiasm and passion for electric cars with anyone who’ll listen. If they’re really good friends, they may even be willing to hand over the keys for a few days.

We hope we’ve rounded up a few good answers to your “Where can I test drive an electric car?” question. Maybe we’ll even see you at a ride-and-drive event soon.

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